#korean #grammar #grammar-verb Covered in: [[SNU Korean Language|SNU]] 2B, Chapter 16 #ko/lesson-99 This is used to indicate that an action is completed and the state of the action is maintained. It is frequently used to express that something was done in preparation for some future use. For example, say there is an event tomorrow (a party) and you have bought some items for it (cake). # Conjugation | ㅏ,ㅗ O + -아 놓다 | ㅏ,ㅗ X + -어 놓다 | 하다 → 해 놓다 | | --- | --- | --- | | 사다 → **사 놓다** | 끄다 → **꺼 놓다** | 예매하다 → 예매**해 놓다** | # Examples 1. 비가 왔으니까 창문을 닫==아 놓았어요==. (It rained so I closed the windows.) - The windows are definitely still closed. - If the regular past tense was used, it is uncertain whether the windows are still closed or if they have been reopened. 2. 표를 예메==해 놓아야 돼요==. (You have to reserve the tickets.) 3. 밖이 시끄러우니까 문을 열==어 놓지 마세요==. (Do not open the door as it is noisy outside.) 4. 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열==어 놓았어요==. (The smell of food is very strong, so I opened the windows.) # Usage Notes 1. It is common for ‘-아/어 **놔**’ to be used instead of ‘-아/어 **놓아**’. This contraction also applies in writing, not just spoken language. - 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열==어 **놔**어요==. 2. ‘-아/어 **두다**’ is also used like ‘-아/어 **놓다**’. - 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열==어 **두었어요**==. - 냉장실에 넣==어 **둔**== 채소가 얼었어요. #todo: verify this sentence (appeared in 3A Chap 7 Worksheet) # Comparing V-았/었/했다 with V-아/어/해 놓다 - The regular [[V-았⧸었-|past tense]] (V-았/었/했다) focuses on the performance of an action. It is impossible to know whether the result of the action continued following its completion. - V-아/어/해 놓다 makes it clear that the resulting state of an action after it has been completed is maintained. Consider the two sentences: - 친구와 이야기하는 동안 라디오를 **켰어요**. (While speaking with my friend, I turned on the radio.) - No way to tell if at this moment, the radio is still on. - 친구와 이야기하는 동안 라디오를 켜 **놓았어요**. (While speaking with my friend, I turned on the radio [and left it on].) While I understand this theoretically, I am still unable to wrap my head around some of the examples where (to me) it seems clear that the results of the action would still be considered completed, as it would be strange otherwise. An example from the worksheet: - 가: 숙제 다 했어요? (Have you finished all your homework?) - 나: 네, 한 시간 전에 다 해 놓았어요. (Yes, I finished all of it an hour ago.) If your homework is done… it is done. It is very unlikely that it would “uncomplete” itself. Is there any difference between this and using the plain present tense 했어요 for this particular case? # Related Grammar 1. [[V-아⧸어⧸해 있다]] indicates a continuing state of a completed action, but is used with passive verbs. 2. [[V-고 있다]]