#korean #grammar 내다 is active but in many cases the 나다 form seems to be used more (just my subjective feeling). The relationship between them is like that of [[하다 Verb|하다 and 되다]]. The [[N이⧸가|subject particle 이/가]] and [[N을⧸를|object particle 을/를]] are optional. If they are omitted, then there is also no space between the words (at least, that is the case for 화나다/화내다 and 짜증내다/짜증나다). # Examples ## 끝내다 and 끝나다 끝내다 (to finish) and 끝나다 (to be finished) - N을/를 끝내다: another subject ends an object N - 숙제를 다 끝내 [[V-아⧸어 버리다|버렸어요]]. (I have finished all my homework.) - N이/가 끝나다: subject N ends - 금요일에 그 수업이 끝나요. (The course ends on Friday.) ## 고장(을) 내다 and 고장(이) 나다 - 고장(을) 내다 (to break): You dropped your phone into the water and broke it. - 고장(이) 나다 (to break down): The subject is the object that broke. - 컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. (My computer broke down./My computer is broken.) ## 화내다 and 화나다 - 화내다/화를 내다 is to get angry and lose one’s temper in a visible way (e.g. shouting at others) - 화나다 is getting angry (feeling) but not performing any outward action ## 짜증내다 and 짜증나다 - 짜증(을) 내다 is showing irritation - 짜증(이) 나다 is to be annoyed/frustrated (feeling) - 컴퓨터가 고장 날 때 짜증이 나요. (I get annoyed when my computer breaks down.) ## 사고가 나다 and 사고를 내다 - 사고가 나다: to have an accident/an accident occurs - 사고를 내다: you caused an accident