(1758-1806) Former officer in the French Army, collaborator with [[Dan's History Web/US 1/Notes to Fill/Toussaint L’Ouverture]] in the [[Dan's History Web/US 1/Topic Index/Haitian Revolution]]. When L'Ouverture was captured by [Napoleon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon)'s army and taken to Europe, Dessalines became the leader of the revolutionary forces. He defeated the French army in November 1803 and the Republic of Haiti was established on January 1, 1804. Later in 1804, Dessalines ordered the execution of all the remaining French people in Haiti, killing about 5,000. In 1805, after declaring himself Emperor of Haiti, Dessaline invaded Santo Domingo on the eastern half of [[Dan's History Web/US 1/Topic Index/Hispaniola]]. The invasion was unsuccessful and his black subjects began to resent the labor system he imposed to restart sugar production, which they believed was nearly a return to [[Slavery|slavery]]. Dessalines was assassinated in August, 1806.