03拖延推迟 - 基础汉英类义词典

☀ **拖延、耽搁、推迟、延迟的动词：** **delay** [dɪ'leɪ] vt.＆vi. 延迟；推迟。既可指主动推迟、拖延，也可指被动耽误、耽搁。其含义最为广泛，也最为常用（表“推迟”时，不如postpone正式和常用）：The judge will delay his verdict. 法官将推迟判决。/ He delayed telling her the news. 他没有马上把消息告诉她。/ I wanted to delay my departure until June 2018. 我想把启程时间推迟到2018年6月。/ These drugs can significantly delay the onset of the disease. 这些药可以大大延缓这种病的发作。vt. 使某人迟到或耽搁；使某人做某事更慢：Can you delay him in some way? 你能用什么办法拖延他一下吗？/ His arrival was seriously delayed by a late train. 因为火车晚点，他晚到了很长时间。 **defer** [dɪˈfɜ:(r)] vt. 推迟、延期：She had applied for deferred admission to college. 她已申请延期入学。/ Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. 顾客常常会尽可能地拖延付款。/ The department deferred the decision for six months. 这个部门推迟了六个月才做决定。/ Sentence was deferred for six months. 审判推迟了六个月。/ Diagnosis was deferred pending further assessment. 等进一步评估后，才能做出诊断。/ We agreed to defer discussion of these issues until the next meeting. 我们同意把这些问题推迟到下次会议讨论。 **postpone** [pəʊst'pəʊn] vt. postpone sth (to/until sth) 将活动或事件等安排在比原计划更晚的一个时间或日期，即推迟；延期。是一种主动的推迟：The game has already been postponed three times. 这场比赛已经三度延期了。/ The meeting has been postponed until next week. 会议推迟至下周。/ to indefinitely postpone 无限期推迟 **suspend** [səˈspend] vi. ~ (on/over sth) 尽量避免做某事或回答问题而使自己拥有更多时间，即故意拖延（以赢得时间）：They are still stalling on the deal. 他们仍在拖时间，而不急于达成协议。/ ‘What do you mean? ’ she asked, stalling for time. “你这是什么意思？”她问，故意拖延着时间。/ He asked them all kinds of pointless questions, stalling for time. 他向他们提了各种毫无意义的问题来拖延时间。/ Some parties have accused the governor of stalling. 有些党派指责州长在拖延时间。/ Thomas had spent all week stalling over his decision. 托马斯磨了整个星期，迟迟不想做出决定。vt. 让某人等候（以使自己有更多时间做某事），即拖住某人（以赢得时间做某事）：See if you can stall her while I finish searching her office. 你看能不能拖住她，我好把她的办公室搜查完。/ Shop manager Brian Steel stalled the man until the police arrived. 商店经理布赖恩·斯蒂尔将那名男子拖住，直到警方赶到。vt. 正式推迟、延缓：The introduction of the new system has been suspended until next year. 新制度推迟到明年再行实施。/ to suspend judgement (= delay forming or expressing an opinion) 暂不判断 **stall** [stɔ:l] vt.&vi.（使）（进程）推后、暂缓：The Social Democratic Party has vowed to try to stall the bill until the current session ends. 社会民主党誓言要将该议案拖到本次议会会议结束之后。 **detain** [dɪˈteɪn] vt. [正式] 留住某人，以阻止其去某地，即阻留、耽搁（别人的时间）：I'm sorry--he'll be late; he's been detained at a meeting. 对不起——他要晚点到，他因会议耽搁了。/ Thank you. We won't detain you any further. 非常感谢。我们就不再耽搁您的时间了。/ This issue need not detain us long.（need not尤为英式用法）这件事不必耽搁我们太久。 **hold** [həʊld] vt. 后接train或lift等词时，hold可表示延迟或推迟。一般为主动推迟，是一个简单用词：to hold the train 延迟火车发车 **keep** [ki:p] vt. 使某人耽搁或延误。是一种主动耽搁、耽误（造成耽搁的因素常是事件）：You’re an hour late--what kept you? 你晚了一小时——什么事把你给耽误了？/ Sorry to keep you, Jack. 抱歉耽搁你了，杰克。 **leave** [li:v] vt. 不立刻去做（或处理）某事，即把某事留到某一时刻才去处理。是一个简单用词：Leave the dishes--I’ll do them later. 盘子先搁着吧，我等会儿再洗。/ Don’t leave it all until the last minute. 不要把什么事都留到最后一分钟。 **table** ['teɪbl] vt. [美] 将计划、提议等搁置（至一个晚些的日期进行讨论）。与leave难见明显差别。但没有leave常用：to table the proposal until the following meeting 把该提议留到下次会议讨论 / We will table that for later. 我们将把那件事留到以后讨论。 **reprieve** [rɪˈpri:v] vt. [常用被动式]（通常不用于进行时）官方取消关闭…的计划；官方暂缓关闭…的计划：70 jobs have been reprieved until next April. 有70个职位暂时保留到明年四月份。 **wait** [weɪt] vt.＆vi. wait (for sb/sth) 呆在某地（或推迟做某事）直到…到来（或直到某事发生），即等待，等候：She rang the bell and waited. 她按铃后等候着。/ I’ve been waiting (for) twenty minutes. 我等了二十分钟。/ Wait for me! 等等我！/ to wait for a bus 等公交车 vi. 1 be waiting 可表示随时可以被拥有（或被使用），即等某人去使用，等某人去做，等某人去拥有：There’s a letter waiting for you at home. 家里有你一封信。/ When we came home we had a meal waiting for us. 我们回到家时，有一顿饭正等着我们去享用。/ He had a car waiting to take him back to the office. 有一辆车等着送他回办公室。2 由于不紧急而被搁置等到以后处理，即推迟，延缓。主语常是事件：I’ve got some calls to make but they can wait until tomorrow. 我有几个电话要打，不过可以等到明天再说。3 尝试使某人兴奋，或鼓励、威胁对方，即等着吧：If you think this all sounds very exciting, just wait until you read the book. 如果你觉得所有这些听起来令人兴奋，那就等你看了书之后再说吧。vt. 在口语中wait a minute、wait a second或wait a moment可用以打断对方的谈话，或要求对方重复，即等一下，且慢：“Wait a minute!” he broke in. “This is not giving her a fair hearing!” “且慢！”他插话道。“这没有给她一个公平的辩解机会。” **await** [əˈweɪt] vt. [正式] 等候、等待：He is in custody awaiting trial. 他已被拘留候审。/ Her latest novel is eagerly awaited. 人们正急切地期待着她的最新小说。/ Very little was said as we awaited the arrival of the chairman. 我们等候主席到来的时候都没怎么说话。/ She is anxiously awaiting a decision on her future. 她焦急地等待着一个事关她未来的决定。/ her long awaited return to professional tennis 她期待已久的重返职业网坛 vt. [正式] 将发生在或将降临到（某人头上）：A warm welcome awaits all our guests. 我们的客人都将受到热烈欢迎。/ A nasty surprise awaited them in Rosemary Lane. 在罗斯玛丽巷，一起严重的意外事件正等待着他们。/ The outcome of the appeal is awaited with interest.（with interest尤为英式用法）人们在期盼中等待着上诉的结果。相关词义延伸： · suspend还可指正式暂停一段时间；使暂停发挥作用（或使用等）。也可表示使某人暂时停职、停课、停赛等； · reprieve还可指（通常不用于进行时）官方撤销…的死刑；官方延缓…的死刑（即缓期执行死刑）。周边词汇补充： · lag可指移动或发展缓慢，或比其他人、组织机构等缓慢，即落后； · adjourn可指中止一个官方程序，如中止会议、审讯，即休会、休庭。 ☀ **拖延、耽搁、推迟、延迟的名词：** **delay** [dɪ'leɪ] n. 1 [C]（由于发生的问题所导致的）拖延或耽搁的一段时间，即被动耽搁的一段时间（一般不太表示“主动推迟的一段时间”）：a two-hour delay 两小时的延误 / a delay of several weeks 数星期的延误 2 [C, U] 延迟或耽搁（是一种情况或行为）（可以是主动、也可以是被动）：There’s no time for delay. 没有时间了，不能拖延了。/ Report it to the police without delay. 赶快将此事报告警方。/ The project has been plagued by delays. 这个项目一直被拖来拖去。/ I apologize for the delay in replying to you. 我为耽搁了回信向您道歉。/ delays in getting to the airport 去机场路上的延误 **postponement** [pə'spəʊnmənt] n. [C, U] 推迟、延期：indefinite postponement 无限期的延期 / The postponement was due to a dispute over where the talks should be held. 会谈推迟是因为对会谈地点存在争议。/ Riots led to the postponement of local elections. 骚乱致使地方选举延期了。/ They are calling for a further postponement of the election date. 他们要求再次推迟选举日期。/ The death of one of the candidates forced postponement of the voting until June 1. 其中一名候选人去世，迫使投票推迟到6月1日。 **suspension** [səs'penʃn] n. [U, sing.] 将某事推迟一段时间的行为（直到做出下一个决定），即暂缓；推迟；延期（可以是主动“推迟”，也可以是被动“延期”）：These events have led to the suspension of talks. 这些事件导致谈判延期。/ a temporary suspension of a flight 航班的临时暂停 **wait** [weɪt] n. [usually sing.] wait (for sb/sth) 等待，等候；花费在等待上的时间：We had a long wait for the bus. 我们等公交车等了很长时间。/ We had a long wait to see the doctor. 为了看医生我们等了很长时间。/ to be worth the wait 值得等待 **reprieve** [rɪˈpri:v] n. [usually sing.] 坏事发生前的暂缓、延缓：Campaigners have won a reprieve for the hospital threatened with closure. 活动家们为这家受关闭威胁的医院赢得了喘息的机会。/ It looked as though the college would have to shut, but this week it was given a reprieve. 这所大学看起来要关闭了，但这周情况暂时有所缓解。/ The school was granted a six-month reprieve. 这所学校获准暂缓关闭六个月。/ The family have won a temporary reprieve from eviction. 这家人暂时免于被驱逐。/ The house offers no reprieve from the heat. 这栋房子无法缓解炎热。 **grace** [greɪs] n. [U] 给某人的付款、完成工作等所设定的宽限期、延缓期：They've given me a month's grace to get the money. 他们宽限我一个月弄到这笔钱。/ She wanted a couple of days' grace to get the maisonette cleaned before she moved in. 她想延缓几天，等到把这套复式公寓清理干净后再搬进去。/ We have only a few hours' grace before the soldiers come. 士兵到来之前我们只剩下几个小时了。相关词义延伸： · hold还可指（打电话时）等待，不挂断； · wait还可指（尤指长期地）希望或期待某事发生； · reprieve还可指刑罚终止令，尤指死刑缓刑令。周边词汇补充： · queue可指等待某事物或等待去做某事的（人、汽车等的）一个队列。也可指在人、交通工具等的队列中等候（去做某事、去得到某东西、去某地）。还可指以某种顺序所存储的数据的队列。亦可指在其它任务的基础上添加新的任务以使这些任务依次得到执行。或可指任务凑到一起等候被依次执行； · lag可指两个相关事件之间的间隔期、间歇期、时间差，相当于time lag； · hiccup可指小问题；尤指暂时性耽搁。 · 表示“阻挠”的词群见[[13阻挡阻止]] · 表示“暂停”的词群见[[10停止暂停]] · 表示“慢”的词群见[[14快慢]]