03独立依赖 - 基础汉英类义词典

☀ **独立、自主、自动的形容词：** **independent** [͵ɪndɪ'pendənt] adj. 1 由不相干的人所执行或提供，因而评判时能够秉持公正的：an independent inquiry 独立调查 2 independent (of sb/sth) 指人或事物（或组织机构）之间彼此不相关的，相互独立的：independent questions 彼此毫无关联的问题 / This figure is essentially independent of population size. 这个数字基本与人口规模无关。/ The company will be independent from the group. 该公司将要从其集团中独立出来。/ Many local clans remain relatively independent. 许多当地部族仍然保持相对独立。3 指机构由私人（而非政府）提供资金支持的，即私营的，私立的：an independent television station 独立的电视台 / an organization that is independent of the government 独立于政府的组织 4 independent (of sb/sth) 指人不需要其他人的帮助而有把握且自由地做事的，即自主的，有主见的：an independent-minded man 有主见的人 / independent thinking 独立思考 5 independent (of sb/sth) 指人拥有（或赚得）足够的金钱而不需要依赖于其他人的，即自食其力的，自立的：He is now much more independent of his parents. 他现在不大依赖他的父母了。/ economically, financially independent 经济上独立；财务上独立 **self-contained** adj. 1（人）独立的、自立的，不需要或不依赖别人的：Her father was a quiet self-contained man. 她父亲生前是个好静而独立自主的人。/ He seems completely self-contained and he doesn't miss you when you're not there. 他似乎十分独立，你不在的时候也并不想念你。2（事物）不需要外界帮助或影响而能够独立运转或存在的：a self-contained community 自给自足的社会 / self-contained economic blocs 独立自足的经济集团 / Each chapter is self-contained and can be studied in isolation. 每一章均自成一篇，可单独学习。 **autonomous** [ɔ:'tɒnəməs] adj.（一个人）能够不需要别人的帮助而自己做事情或做决定的，即自主的：autonomous individuals 独立个体 **automatic** [͵ɔ:tə'mætɪk] adj.（机器、装置等）自动的，无需人工操作的：automatic doors 自动门 / an automatic rifle 自动步枪 / The machine is fully automatic. 这台机器是全自动的。 **absolute** ['æbsəlu:t] adj. 独立存在的或独立被衡量的（与其它事物没有关系的）：Although prices are falling in absolute terms, energy is still expensive. 尽管能源的绝对售价在下降，但仍然昂贵。/ an absolute standard 绝对的标准 **self-sufficient** adj. 1 ~ (in sth)（国家或团体）自给自足的：economically, financially self-sufficient 经济上自给自足；财务上自给自足 / The country is totally self-sufficient in food production. 在粮食生产上，这个国家完全做到了自给自足。/ This enabled the country to become self-sufficient in sugar. 这使得该国的食糖能自给自足。/ These people have now become almost self-sufficient in grain crops. 这些人的粮食现在已经差不多能自给了。/ Using traditional methods poor farmers can be virtually self-sufficient. 采用传统的方法，贫穷的农民基本上能自给自足。2（人）不需要别人帮助而能愉快生活的，如独立生活的、自立的、自足的：Although she had various boyfriends, Madeleine was, and remains, fiercely self-sufficient. 尽管有过各种各样的男朋友，马德琳过去和现在一直都非常自立。/ He'd created a tiny, self-sufficient world for himself. 他为自己创造了一个自我满足的小小世界。相关词义延伸： · self-contained还可指（公寓等住宿场所）有自己的厨房、盥洗室和入口的，即独门独户的、设施齐全的。 · 表示“房间独立”的词群见[[13划分离开]] ☀ **独立的名词：** **independence** [͵ɪndɪ'pendəns] n. 1 [U] 组织机构、专业技术等方面的独立：journalistic, judicial, operational（尤英）independence 新闻独立；司法独立；经营上的独立 / the church’s independence of the state 教会独立于政府 / Conflicts of interest might compromise the auditor’s independence. 利益的冲突可能会削弱审计人员的独立性。2 [U] 一个人不需要其他人的帮助而自由安排自己的生活或做出自己的决定等，即自立，自主：a woman’s financial independence 妇女在经济上的自立 / independence of mind, independence of spirit 思想独立；精神独立 / I value my independence too much to get married. 我太珍惜自己的独立了，不愿意结婚。 **autonomy** [ɔ:ˈtɒnəmi; 美 ɔ:ˈtɑ:n-] n. 1 [U]（一个国家、地区或组织机构的）自治；自治权；自主权：a campaign in Wales for greater autonomy 威尔士争取更大自治权的运动 / Activists stepped up their demands for local autonomy last month. 上个月激进分子对地方自治的呼声更高了。/ The cantons and communes of Switzerland have preserved their autonomy. 瑞士的州和市镇仍然享有自治权。/ The Act granted limited autonomy to the republics. 该法案赋予各共和国的自治权是有限的。/ local, national, regional autonomy 地方自治；国家自治；区域自治 / administrative, cultural, economic, financial, managerial, political, professional autonomy 行政自主权；文化自主权；经济自主权；财政自主权；管理自主权；政治自主权；专业自主权 / demands for cultural autonomy 文化自主权的要求 / The subsidiary companies will now have more autonomy. 这些附属公司现在将拥有更多的自主权。/ Head office is giving the regional offices more autonomy. 总公司将给地区分公司更多的自主权。/ Schools have gained greater autonomy from government control. 学校已从政府那里获得了更大的自主权。2 [U]（一个人的）自主；自主权：giving individuals greater autonomy in their own lives 在生活中给个人更大自主权的 / an individual's right to exercise autonomy 个人行使自主权的权利 / patient, teacher, worker autonomy 患者的自主权；教师的自主权；工人的自主权 / Each of the area managers enjoys considerable autonomy in the running of his own area. 每个区域经理在他们各自负责的地区的运营上都享有高度的自主权。 **outsider** [ˌaʊtˈsaɪdə(r)] n. [C] 不属于某个组织机构的一个人，即外来者：They have decided to hire outsiders for some of the key positions. 他们决定在某些关键职位上聘任外来人员。/ The most likely outcome may be to subcontract much of the work to an outsider. 最可能的结果是将大量的工作分包出去。/ To an outsider it may appear to be a glamorous job. 在外面的人看来，这似乎是一件令人向往的工作。相关词义延伸： · automatic还可指只要扣动扳机就能持续发射子弹的枪支，如自动手枪或自动步枪。也可指自动变速汽车，自动换挡汽车。 · 表示“政治独立”、“自治”的词群见[[30解放独立自治]] · 表示“各自”的词群见[[03共同各自]] ☀ **依赖、取决于的动词、名词和介词：** **rely** [rɪ'laɪ] vi. rely on/upon sb/sth 需要或依赖（某人或某事物）：As babies, we rely entirely on others for food. 在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。/ to rely on computers to organize our work 依赖电脑来安排我们的工作 / countries that rely heavily on food aid 严重依赖食物援助的国家 / to rely on your intuition 依靠你的直觉 / He can’t be relied on to tell the truth. 不能指望他说真话。 **reliance** [rɪˈlaɪəns] n. [U, sing.] ~ (on/upon sb/sth)（为了生存、成功等）依靠、依赖（即一旦失去依靠，常常导致失败）：Heavy reliance on one client is risky when you are building up a business. 创业时过分依赖某一个客户是有风险的。/ Too heavy a reliance on a particular market may be dangerous for the company. 对公司来说，过多地依赖某一市场会有很大风险。/ Such learning methods encourage too great a reliance upon the teacher. 这样的学习方法会造成对老师的过分依赖。/ The study programme concentrates more on group work and places less reliance on (= depends less on) lectures. 这个学习计划较注重小组活动而不倚重讲座。/ the country's increasing reliance on foreign aid. 这个国家日益依赖外国援助 / a high degree of reliance on newspaper reports 对报纸报道的高度依赖 / I don't think you should place too much reliance on these figures. 我认为你不该过分相信这些数字。/ the means by which individuals might reduce or eliminate reliance on the state 可能使个人减少或消除对国家依赖的手段 / They believe that modern farming techniques encourage an excessive reliance on harmful chemicals. 他们认为现代农业技术鼓励过多使用有害的化学物质。/ the increased reliance of the university on private funds 这所大学对私人资金越来越多的依赖 **depend** [dɪ'pend] vi. 1 depend on/upon sb/sth 依赖并相信（某人或某事物）：He was the sort of person you could depend on. 他这个人你是可以依靠的。2 depend on/upon sb/sth (for sth)（为某一目的而）需要其他人（或事物）的金钱、帮助等，如需要，依赖：The community depends on the shipping industry for its survival. 这个地区靠航运业维持生活。/ I don’t want to depend too much on my parents. 我不想过度依靠父母。3 depend on/upon sth 受某事物影响；由某事物决定，取决于某事物：Does the quality of teaching depend on class size? 教学质量取决于每个班的人数吗？/ It would depend on the circumstances. 这要视情况而定。/ Whether or not we can go ultimately depends on the weather. 我们是否能去最终取决于天气。 **dependence** [dɪˈpendəns] n. 1 [U] ~ (on/upon sb/sth)（为了成功或存活的）依靠，依赖：his dependence on his parents 他对父母的依赖 / her economic dependence on her husband 她对丈夫的经济依赖 / his total dependence on his family 他对家庭的完全依赖 / Our relationship was based on mutual dependence. 我们的关系建立在相互依存的基础上。/ the dependence of Europe on imported foods 欧洲对进口食物的依赖 / a heavy dependence on imported materials 对进口原料的严重依赖 / the city's traditional dependence on tourism 该市传统上对旅游业的依赖 / The country has a growing dependence on foreign aid. 这个国家越来越依赖外国援助。/ The government wants to reduce industry's dependence on coal. 政府想减少工业对煤炭的依赖性。/ Do you look forward to old age, or do you dread frailty, loss of memory and dependence on others? 你是期望变老，还是害怕自己年迈体衰、记忆减退，而且还要依赖他人？/ Their relationship is based on a strong mutual dependence. 他们的关系建立在强烈的相互依赖的基础上。/ economic, financial dependence 经济依赖；财务依赖 / emotional, physical, psychological dependence 感情上的依赖；生理上的依赖；心理上的依赖 2 [U] [术语] ~ of A and B（受其影响或决定的）依赖（关系）：the dependence of circulation on production 流通对生产的依赖 **for** [fɔ:] prep. 用于表示谁可以或应该做某事：It’s not for me to say why he left. 不适宜由我说出他离开的原因。/ How to spend the money is for you to decide. 怎样花这笔钱由你决定。周边词汇补充： · recourse可指（在困境中）对…的使用、诉诸、依赖、求助。 ☀ **依赖的、可依赖的、取决于的形容词：** **reliant** [rɪˈlaɪənt] adj. ~ on/upon sb/sth（为了生存、成功等）对…依赖的、依靠的：Lithuania is heavily reliant on Moscow for almost all its oil. 立陶宛的石油供应几乎完全依赖莫斯科。/ The hostel is heavily reliant upon charity. 这家收容所在很大程度上依赖赞助。/ These people are not wholly reliant on Western charity. 这些人并非完全依赖西方慈善团体。/ The charity is completely reliant on public donations. 这一慈善团体完全依靠公众捐款。/ The service has become heavily reliant on government support. 服务业变得高度依赖政府扶持。 **dependent** [dɪˈpendənt] adj. 1 ~ (on/upon sb/sth) (for sth) 依靠的、依赖的：a woman with several dependent children 一个女人带着几个未自立的孩子 / You can't be dependent on your parents all your life. 你不可能一辈子靠父母生活。/ The festival is heavily dependent on sponsorship for its success. 这次节日庆祝活动成功与否，在很大程度上就看赞助了。/ The local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction. 当地经济过于依赖石油和天然气的开采。/ The country is heavily dependent on oil and gas imports. 这个国家严重依赖石油和天然气进口。/ Small companies are dependent upon the local economy. 小公司依赖本土经济。/ Up to two million people there are dependent on food aid. 那里有多达两百万人口依靠食品援助。/ Many of the patients are closely dependent on staff for day-to-day emotional support. 患者中很多人都非常依赖医务人员每天给他们情感上的支持。/ Modern science is critically dependent on high-performance computing. 现代科学严重依赖高性能计算。/ Jane had never met anyone so utterly dependent. 简之前还从来没有遇到过如此依赖别人的人。/ The land is dry and wholly dependent on irrigation. 土地干早，完全靠灌溉。/ 74% of people in the survey were at least partially dependent on their cars. 被调查的人中有74%至少部分地依赖私家车。/ The various organs of the body do not function in isolation but are mutually dependent. 身体的不同器官不是独立运作而是互相依存的。2 [正式] ~ on/upon sth 取决（于…）的;有赖（于…）的：A child's development is dependent on many factors. 孩子的成长受多种因素影响。/ The price is dependent on how many extras you choose. 价格取决于你挑选额外收费项目的多少。/ The amount of benefit you receive is entirely dependent on the amount you have paid in. 你收益多少完全取决于你存入的金额。/ The results you get from weight training are largely dependent upon how you use those weights and what type of exercise programme you follow. 举重训练的效果在很大程度上取决于如何使用那些举重器械以及遵照何种锻炼方案。/ The treatment of infertility is largely dependent on the ability of couples to pay. 对不孕不育的治疗很大程度上视乎夫妇的经济能力。/ Your access to a good education is largely dependent on where you live. 你是否能受到良好的教育很大程度上取决于你的居住地点。 **solid** ['sɒlɪd] adj. 可依靠的，可信赖的，有坚实基础的。是一种形象化用法，也较为常用：solid evidence 可靠的证据 / This provided a solid foundation for their marriage. 这为他们的婚姻提供了坚实的基础。/ The Irish team were solid as a rock in defence. 爱尔兰队的防守坚如磐石。/ a solid and stable man 可靠而稳重的男子 / solid support 坚定的支持 **sound** [saʊnd] adj. 可靠的。不过一般指建议、理由、情况等稳定可靠：a sound basis 坚实的基础 / It was a financially sound investment. 这项投资财务稳健。 **subject** ['sʌbdӡɪkt] adj. subject to sth 为完成…（或获得同意）而取决于…，即视…而定：The proposal is subject to your approval. 这项提议就等你批准了。/ to be subject to availability 只有在允许的情况下才可以 **contingent** [kənˈtɪndʒənt] adj. ~ (on/upon sth) [正式] 依某事是否发生而定的，即情况而定的、取决于…的：All payments are contingent upon satisfactory completion dates. 所有的付款须视是否如期完成而定。/ In effect, growth is contingent on improved incomes for the mass of the low-income population. 事实上，发展有赖于大量低收入人群收入的增长。相关词义延伸： · rely还可指信任或信赖（某人或某事物）。周边词汇补充： · against可指靠着、倚着（相互接触但强调互相产生反作用力）； · off可指靠某种食物或资金来源等生存、机器靠某种燃料或动力运行； · lean可指倚靠。还可表示使某事物斜靠在…上。 ☀ **依赖别人的人：** **parasite** [ˈpærəsaɪt] n. [C] [贬] 像寄生虫一样的一个人，即依靠别人过活者：了解即可 · 表示“孤独”的词群见[[16失望气馁麻木孤独失落]] · 表示“支配”的词群见[[04管理控制]] · 表示“帮助”的词群见[[04帮助支持拥护提倡忠诚]] · 表示“属于”的词群见[[02附属属于]] · 表示“可信赖”的词群见[[06相信信任坦诚诚实承认]] · 表示“证据”的词群见[[16确信证明]] · 表示“确凿”的词群见[[15确定一定]] · 表示“坚决”的词群见[[19承诺发誓决心坚决决定]] · 表示“坚强”的词群见[[11强弱]] · 表示“稳固”的词群见[[09坚固稳固]] · 表示“支撑”、“承担”的词群见[[11轻重]] · 表示“烟酒毒瘾”的词群见[[42不良习惯烟酒毒瘾]]