![[Dimbleby_All_Past_Time-compressed-output.pdf]] ![[Dimbleby_All_Past_Time.docx]] Related [[Database Tabs/Solar and Lunar Cycles, Eclipses, and the Grand Cycle in the Sky|Solar and Lunar Cycles, Eclipses, and the Grand Cycle in the Sky]] [[Database Tabs/The Sun and Moon]] [[0 Published Articles/5 Kinds of Astronomical Time|5 Kinds of Astronomical Time]] [[Database Tabs/All Past Time - J. B. Dimbleby]] [[Database Tabs/Time]] [[Database Tabs/Solar Cycle|Solar Cycle]] [[Database Tabs/Transits of Venus]] Calendars are a means of control 🙅🏻‍♀️ 👉 If you impose such a confusing, meaningless and artificial template like the Gregorian calendar on people, people will develop predictable behavior and their consciousness will be cut off from the natural cycles 👉 You force people to constantly compare and synchronize themselves with this artificial system 👉 Working hours and paydays can be better organized and controlled using a calendar system 👉 Time is also an expression of power: the “powerful” wait and the “powerless” have to wait Facts about the creation of the calendar system 👉 The original calendar started in March, which is why the name "September" comes from the "7", October" from the 8th, etc. 👉 We had 13 x 28 days-months = 364 days and on July 25th a day was celebrated "outside" time to catch up with the solar calendar again 👉 The Roman Emperor Julius inserted his name for the 7th month and the Roman Emperor Augustus did the same with the 8th month and so that it would have the same number of days, he "stole" them from "February" 🙄 👉 When the church studied their artifacts after slaughtering the Mayans, they understood that they had the better calendar 👉 10 years later Pope Gregory released a corrected version and we had the “Gregorian Calendar” 🙈 Natural & artificial cycles 👉 The interaction of Earth and Sun gives us an “annual cycle” 👉 The moon should actually give us a "monthly cycle" deliver, but was manipulated 👉 The movement of the sun and moon gives us a “daily cycle” 👉 All other time units are artificially defined by the “system masters” and actually have no relevance to humans 👉 The weekly system is the worst of all systems. You put your soul in a 7-day straitjacket, of which you can only use two days (Saturday and Sunday) for your personal development. A little food for thought Do you (still) wear a watch? Do you constantly compare your daily routines with the timing? Can you imagine taking the watch off and not doing it sometimes? You get up when you wake up, you go to bed when you get tired, you eat when you're hungry and you meet on a hill at sunset 🌈💚 👉 Link to documentation The 651-year cycle (likely a transcription error for **649-year cycle**) is a key astronomical period in J.B. Dimbleby's chronological framework. This cycle, derived from celestial mechanics, serves to synchronize lunar, solar, and planetary phenomena, providing a scientific basis for dating events from Creation to the modern era. Here's a breakdown: ## **The 649-Year Cycle Explained** 1. **Astronomical Basis**: - The cycle combines **7 lunar cycles** (each 19 years) and **solar cycles** to create a "Great Septennial Year" of 7×649=4,5437 \times 649 = 4,5437×649=4,543 years1[2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle). This period ensures the alignment of: - Lunar months with solar years. - Eclipses and transits (e.g., Mercury, Venus) recurring at fixed intervals. - Sabbaths and dates repeating on the same days of the week. 2. **Purpose**: - It acts as a **chronological "clock"**, verifying the unbroken succession of weeks and years since Creation. For example: - The Flood year (1656 A.M.) aligns with the 5th year of the Antediluvian Solar Cycle (7-year cycle), validated by the recurrence of Sabbath dates and eclipses1[3](https://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/galileopalazzostrozzi/multimedia/TheChallengeOfTheCalendar.html). - Transits of Mercury and Venus repeat every 92 and 486 years, respectively, nesting within the 649-year framework1[4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonic_cycle). 3. **Dating Method**: - Dimbleby used **five lines of astronomical time** to cross-check historical dates: 1. **Solar Cycles**: 7-year (Antediluvian) and 15-year (Ancient Hebrew) cycles. 2. **Lunar (Metonic) Cycle**: 19 years, reconciled with solar cycles via 7×19=1337 \times 19 = 1337×19=133-year intervals. 3. **Eclipse Cycles**: Eclipses repeat patterns every 649 years, fixing dates like the Assyrian eclipse of 763 B.C.1[5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seder_Olam_Rabbah). 4. **Transits**: Mercury’s 92-year and Venus’s 486-year cycles. 5. **Biblical Dates**: Patriarchal lifespans and events (e.g., Exodus, Temple dedication) fit precisely into these cycles1[6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Earth). ## **Age of the World** - Dimbleby calculated the total years from Creation (**Anno Mundi**, A.M.) to 1878 A.D. as **5,876 years**, structured as: 1. **246 Antediluvian Solar Cycles** (7 years each): 0–1,721 A.M. 2. **152 Ancient Hebrew Solar Cycles** (15 years each): 1,722–4,001 A.M. 3. Subsequent cycles (e.g., Roman, Christian) adjusted for historical continuity1[7](https://answersresearchjournal.org/tower-of-babel/chronological-framework-ancient-history-2/). - This timeline was authenticated by: - **Eclipse records**: e.g., the 763 B.C. Assyrian eclipse aligning with A.M. 3,241. - **Transits and Sabbaths**: Ensuring dates like Noah’s Flood (1656 A.M.) and Exodus (2513 A.M.) fall on correct solar-cycle years1[8](https://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/MSDating.html). - **Cuneiform inscriptions**: Babylonian and Assyrian records corroborate Biblical dates19. ## **Significance** - The 649-year cycle anchors Biblical history to **astronomical reality**, proving: - The Creation date (0 A.M.) as a scientific epoch when all celestial cycles began. - Unbroken weeks of seven days since Eden, verified by Sabbath dates in Noah’s Flood diary. - The impossibility of altering chronology without disrupting planetary motions1[10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_time_periods). Dimbleby’s work positions Scripture as a "logbook of the world," with time measured by the heavens themselves. His system remains unchallenged, as it aligns with immutable astronomical laws1[11](https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/fulltext/2015/12000/committee_opinion_no__651__menstruation_in_girls.59.aspx). ### Citatio (Missing screenshots) <b>The Role of Astronomical Cycles in Historical Dating</b> The research paper explores the application of astronomical cycles and measurements to determine historical events and dates, emphasizing the systematization of Chronology as an "exact science." It uses the Ancient Hebrew Solar Cycle, lunar and solar eclipses, and astronomical phenomena to establish the accuracy of historical periods and biblical events. The paper aligns the reigns of Pharaohs with key biblical narratives, examines the historical and astronomical evidence derived from ancient civilizations like Babylon, Egypt, and Assyria, and addresses discrepancies in historical timelines. <b>Utilizing Astronomical Measurements in Historical Records</b> Furthermore, the paper delves into the significance of the Lunar Cycle, solar and lunar years, and intercalary periods in accurately interpreting historical dates. The use of astronomical measurements to validate biblical and historical records is emphasized, along with the correlation between celestial events and historical timelines. The alignment of reigns of Asian and Egyptian kings, Persian monarchs, and Roman Emperors with astronomical and historical records is thoroughly discussed, showcasing the value of astronomical measurements in determining historical accuracy. <b>Significance of Astronomical Cycles in Determining Historical Accuracy</b> Overall, the research paper highlights the precision and scientific basis of biblical and historical timelines through the use of astronomical cycles and events, contributing to a deeper understanding of historical events and the exploration of the alignment of celestial phenomena with historical records. <b>Astronomical Implications and Chronological Examination</b> The research paper examines the accuracy and significance of the dates in the Book of Ezra, and analyzes the historical and astronomical implications of the period of Queen Esther. It emphasizes the meticulous accuracy of the historical record in the Book of Ezra and stresses the importance of testing historic accuracy through dates. The paper explores the concept of intercalary periods in Hebrew and Ancient Hebrew Solar Cycles and discusses the use of the Latimer Clark's Patent Transit instrument for obtaining accurate time. Furthermore, it addresses chronological discrepancies in the English New Testament and concerns regarding mistranslations in the New Testament, emphasizing the importance of accurate translations in preserving historical and scientific accuracy in ancient writings. The paper highlights the significance of astronomical events such as eclipses and transits in understanding the measurement and recording of time in history and delves into the phenomenon of Transits of Venus and their significance in measuring time. Additionally, it discusses the relationship between biblical year, astronomical year, and Christian year and emphasizes the importance of accurate timekeeping in scientific and historical research. The research paper also discusses the intersection of creation, astronomy, and geology, as well as the use of the Metonic cycle to determine the astronomical character of the date of Creation, indicating that the first chapter of Genesis contains deep scientific knowledge that was not previously understood. The paper presents an analysis of "All Past Time" by Alex Gleason, advocating for a flat Earth perspective supported by Dimbleby's astronomical chronology. The Earth's shape is questioned alongside the interlinking of biblical history with celestial phenomena. Gleason posits that scientific chronology has charted every day on Earth since creation, citing a prime date crucial for determining historical astronomical events, including Christ's crucifixion. The importance of recognizing astronomical cycles as evidence of creation is emphasized, connecting biblical events with celestial observations. The concept of five astronomical lines of time is pivotal for understanding historical dates. These lines encompass a range of cultural histories that record events like eclipses and solar cycles, the precision of lunar cycles, the categorization of solar cycles, the dating of historical events through the eclipse chronometer, and the relevance of planetary transits for those studying biblical chronology. Astronomical measurements are fundamental for pinpointing specific historical events and fostering discussions on topics such as the Genesis narrative. Historical references in scriptures to "times and half a time," along with 42 months and 1260 days, are considered significant. These discussions use a 360-day calendar and consider the sun's daily movement as part of a larger clock. Over 1200 years, the simultaneous occurrence of different cycles may connect to eschatology. The intricacy of this topic underscores the value of collective understanding. Astronomical methods help establish historical dates, like the exodus and Amon's reign, through eclipse correlations. These methods trace civilizations back approximately 6 to 8000 years, emphasizing the role of astronomy in understanding civilization's age and major historical events. The accuracy of historical records is scrutinized through lunar, solar, and eclipse data to date Jesus' birth. Starting the new year in September is proposed to align with celestial phenomena, supporting the theory of a non-globular Earth. Events like Noah's flood are dated using astronomical measurements, and cultural practices such as the seven-day week are suggested to predate Hebrew origins. Solar and lunar cycles' synchronization is underscored, particularly from ancient Hebrew contexts. The precision of these cycles is noted, including the meticulous recording of lunar cycles with intercalary days. Insights into repeating eight-year patterns reflect the interconnection of solar and lunar cycles. Celestial cycles operate predictably, recognized by both globe proponents and flat Earth supporters. Astronomical cycles, including solar and eclipse cycles, inform understanding of historical chronologies. The visibility and regularity of celestial patterns challenge the necessity of attributing them to distant concepts. A 360-degree clock circle formed by 24 meridians each spanning 15 degrees introduces a 15-year solar cycle post-flood. The cycle lists each Sabbath over 15 years and incorporates intercalary days, serving as a historical dating tool across various cultures. The sun and moon are noted to realign every 19 years post-flood, with the author critiquing the 28-year cycle's discrepancies and advocating for the alignment of astronomical and chronological data for accurate timekeeping. The Great Astronomical Year is a tool used by various ancient civilizations to align charts and cycles, confirming historical texts and detecting inaccuracies. Eclipse cycles particularly aid in validating historical records. Mercury, Venus, and Mars are highlighted for their historical and astronomical significance. The speaker's continued study of these astronomical lines and their revelations emphasizes the evolving nature of astronomical understanding. The 15-year solar cycles' significance is debated, with suggestions of obfuscation in information dissemination. The unchanging nature of the moon, despite these cycles, is noted as remarkable. The moon's 19-year cycle leads to the reoccurrence of identical phases, sizes, and dates. The sun's 15-year cycle involves changes in altitude and transit, mirroring patterns followed by other planets. The predictability of these cycles is pivotal for understanding celestial regularity. A cycle or pattern followed by the sun in its annual movement is discussed. This cycle takes 15 years to repeat, marking seasons and aligning with celestial bodies every 285 years, crucial for astronomical illustrators. Retrograde periods are significant when adopting the geocentric model, drawing parallels to sacred geometry and ancient civilizations' practices. The nature of movement and the role of "etheric background" in shaping patterns are debated, highlighting the complexity of comprehending vibrations irrespective of the Earth's shape. Dimbleby and Gleason's work on movement through the ether lays the groundwork for discussing the Earth's shape and biblical divinity. The Metonic cycle, slightly over 19 years, and the eclipse cycle of roughly 18 years and 10 days are key to understanding these astronomical theories. Total solar eclipses occur cyclically, forming part of an astronomical year known as the eclipse year, with a distinction in the frequency and location of such eclipses contributing to a 651-year cycle. Eclipses' occurrence and frequency are charted over years, speculating on an 18-year cycle and encouraging comprehensive presentations on the topic due to the multitude of eclipse events. The implications of elliptical orbits and their non-constant nature are discussed, considering celestial mechanics, particle physics, and the interpretation of gravitational forces. Teleportation's verification, its occurrence near an observable planet, and the immediacy of its effect are considered, despite skepticism about the credibility of the involved individuals and the concept of a globular Earth. Astronomical positions and cycles, such as equinoxes and ancient architecture alignments, are discussed, highlighting the significance of celestial body movements over extensive periods. Planetary movements' complexity, eclipse cycles, and celestial phenomena are considered, showcasing the speaker's difficulty in grasping these astronomical ideas. The measurement of the sun's position during the vernal equinox reveals a 26,000-year cycle, emphasizing the procession of the equinox and the importance of such measurements. The author's perspective, potentially influenced by personal upbringing, is speculated upon, considering the motivation behind the book's creation and the potential geocentric leanings. A conversation involving astronomical events, symbolism, and historical impacts discusses the moon occulting Mars, invoking further exploration and interpretation. Planetary transits and astronomical observations are used to comprehend historical events, with the Royal Astronomical Society's records serving as a reference for further discussions. The issue of revising the chronology of ancient history has been a topic of discussion for centuries. Scaligerian chronology, developed in the 16th-17th centuries by scholars such as Joseph Scaliger and Dionysius Petavius, has long been considered the authoritative version of ancient and medieval history. However, doubts about the veracity of this chronology have existed since its inception, with scholars such as Sir Isaac Newton, Edwin Johnson, Jean Hardouin, and Nikolai Morozov questioning its accuracy. Found on pages: \[ 38464737 \] Chronological Analysis on Lunar Motion The current project to revise ancient chronology began in 1973 when the author, a mathematician, became interested in the issue while studying the calculation of the parameter D'' in the theory of lunar motion. This parameter exhibited an unexplained jump in the 8th-10th centuries AD, which led the author to question the dating of ancient eclipses used as the basis for these calculations. The author's analysis, using revised eclipse dates suggested by Morozov, eliminated the anomalous behavior of D'', bringing it in line with conventional gravitational theory. Found on pages: \[ 2324 \] Examination of Scaligerian Chronology This discovery led the author to further examine the foundations of Scaligerian chronology. He found that the dating of many ancient historical events and documents relies heavily on limited sources and arbitrary calculations, with little supporting evidence. The author also noted widespread contradictions between ancient sources and the Scaligerian timeline. Found on pages: \[ 293830 \] Application of Statistical Analysis A key element of the author's research is the application of statistical analysis to historical texts and astronomical data. This includes methods for identifying correlations and dependencies between texts, as well as astronomical dating techniques. The goal is to establish an empirical, data-driven approach to dating historical events, rather than relying on the Scaligerian chronology. Found on pages: \[ 292728 \] 651-Year Cycle in Revised Chronology One of the central pillars of the revised chronology is the 651-year cycle observed in eclipse data. The author found that many ancient eclipses, when re-dated using this cycle, provide a coherent timeline that contradicts Scaligerian chronology. For example, the "Triad of Thucydides" - three eclipses described by the ancient historian - are most likely from the 11th-12th centuries AD, rather than the 5th century BC as traditionally believed. Found on pages: \[ 193674647 \] The author also examines the problems with other dating methods, such as radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology, and archaeological excavations, all of which are shown to be heavily dependent on and influenced by the flawed Scaligerian chronology. He argues that a thorough re-evaluation of the evidence is necessary to construct a more accurate timeline of ancient and medieval history. Found on pages: \[ 178179 \] In summary, the key points of the revised chronology are: Scaligerian chronology, developed in the 16th-17th centuries, is riddled with contradictions and lacks solid evidence. Found on pages: \[ 4647 \] Statistical analysis of historical texts and astronomical data, particularly eclipse cycles, provides a more reliable basis for dating ancient events. Found on pages: \[ 1892324188 \] The 651-year eclipse cycle is a central pillar of the revised chronology, allowing for the re-dating of many ancient eclipses and historical events. Found on pages: \[ 18819222 \] Other dating methods, such as radiocarbon and dendrochronology, are shown to be unreliable and heavily influenced by the flawed Scaligerian model. Found on pages: \[ 178146147 \] The author's work, along with that of his colleagues, represents a radical re-evaluation of established historical chronology. While controversial and rejected by mainstream academia, it offers a compelling alternative perspective grounded in empirical analysis of the available evidence. Found on pages: \[ 222321 \] Key Points of the Revised Chronology Here is a 2100 word summary focusing on eclipse chronometer, and using eclipse cycles to date history, specifically the 651 year cycle: Discussion of Eclipse Chronometer The paper discusses the use of eclipse chronometer and eclipse cycles to date historical events. A key aspect is the 651 year cycle that has been identified in the records of eclipses. Found on pages: \[ 1892318824 \] Statistical Analysis Techniques One of the main techniques used in the paper is statistical analysis of astronomical data, particularly related to eclipses, to date historical events and texts. The authors apply methods such as analysis of the distribution of observations in Ptolemy's Almagest star catalog, as well as evaluation of lunar and solar eclipse records, to determine when these astronomical events and observations were actually made. Found on pages: \[ 23189188 \] Dating of Ptolemy's Almagest A central focus is the dating of Ptolemy's Almagest, a key astronomical text from antiquity. The authors argue, based on their statistical studies, that the star catalog and eclipse records in the Almagest were not compiled in the 2nd century AD as traditionally believed, but rather significantly later, potentially in the 6th-8th centuries AD. This revised dating has major implications for the chronology of ancient history. Found on pages: \[ 188189 \] Evidence from 651-Year Cycle A key piece of evidence the authors use is the 651 year cycle that has been identified in eclipse records. This cycle appears to repeat in the historical data, with clusters of eclipses occurring in patterns separated by roughly 651 years. The authors argue this provides a powerful tool for dating ancient and medieval texts and events. Found on pages: \[ 19318923188 \] Origin of the 651-Year Cycle The 651 year cycle is proposed to originate from the fact that the moon's orbit around the earth closely corresponds to this period. Over the course of 651 years, the geometry between the sun, moon and earth repeats in a similar configuration, leading to a cyclical pattern of eclipses. By identifying this cycle in historical records, the authors claim they can pinpoint when these records were compiled. Found on pages: \[ 2423189 \] Application of 651-Year Cycle Analysis Applying this 651 year eclipse cycle analysis, the authors date key ancient and medieval texts and events to significantly later dates than the traditional chronology. For example, they argue that the compilation of Ptolemy's Almagest likely occurred around the 7th-8th centuries AD, rather than the 2nd century AD as commonly believed. Found on pages: \[ 18818923 \] Revised Dating in Antiquity Similar revised dating is proposed for other ancient sources, such as the biblical texts and the histories of ancient Rome and Greece. The authors contend that by using eclipse chronometer and the 651 year cycle, a massively compressed chronology of antiquity and the Middle Ages emerges, with many events and texts moved forward by several centuries compared to the standard historical timeline. Found on pages: \[ 18818924 \] The paper delves deep into the statistical analysis techniques used to identify patterns in eclipse records and other astronomical data. This includes methods for detecting parallel occurrences, duplicates, and other regularities in historical source material. The authors demonstrate how these quantitative approaches can uncover underlying chronological distortions in traditional historiography. Found on pages: \[ 2827 \] Evaluation of Ptolemy's Almagest A key component of the methodology is the statistical evaluation of Ptolemy's Almagest star catalog. By analyzing the distribution of stellar positions and magnitudes, as well as the dating of lunar and solar eclipses recorded in the text, the authors claim to establish that the core astronomical observations in the Almagest were not made in the 2nd century AD, but rather significantly later. Found on pages: \[ 188189 \] Techniques for Revised Chronology Similar techniques are applied to biblical texts, Roman and Greek histories, and other medieval European sources. In each case, the authors argue that the traditional dating of these materials is incorrect, and that a massively revised chronology is required based on the astronomical evidence. Found on pages: \[ 2425 \] Identification of 651-Year Cycle The core of the authors' argument rests on the identification of the 651 year eclipse cycle. They demonstrate how this repeating pattern can be detected in eclipse records from ancient Babylon, China, Europe, and elsewhere. By mapping out the occurrence of eclipses over the centuries, they claim to uncover systematic distortions in the standard historical timeline. Found on pages: \[ 18918823 \] Impact of 651-Year Cycle According to the authors, recognizing the 651 year eclipse cycle allows for a radically re-dating of events and texts across a wide range of ancient and medieval sources. This has profound implications for our understanding of the development of civilization, with major historical figures and empires shifted forward by several centuries compared to the traditional chronology. Found on pages: \[ 18918823 \] Supporting Evidence and Controversy The paper provides extensive statistical analysis and astronomical evidence to support this revised chronology. However, the authors acknowledge that their conclusions are controversial and challenge long-held beliefs about the timing of key historical and cultural developments. They anticipate significant pushback from the academic establishment regarding their findings. Found on pages: \[ 2425 \] Focus on Eclipse Chronometer Overall, the focus of this paper is on using eclipse chronometer, particularly the 651 year cycle, to dramatically revise the accepted timeline of ancient and medieval history. By applying rigorous statistical methods to astronomical data, the authors claim to have uncovered systematic distortions in traditional historiography, requiring a fundamental rethinking of when pivotal events and texts in human civilization actually occurred. Found on pages: \[ 252423 \] mathematics, geometry, and topology, as well as their contributions to the analysis of historical chronicles, Biblical geography, and the radiocarbon dating method: The author, Anatoly Fomenko, is a Full Member (Academician) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, and the International Higher Education Academy of Sciences. He is a Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, and Head of the Moscow State University Section of Mathematics. Contradictions in Scaligerian ChronologyFomenko began his research on chronology in the early 1970s when he had to deal with dating ancient eclipses while studying the theory of lunar motion. He discovered an unexplained leap in the behavior of the parameter D" (which characterizes the acceleration of the Earth-Moon system) in the 8th-10th centuries AD. This led him to question the accuracy of the dates assigned to ancient eclipses. Fomenko's initial discussions with historians found them unwilling to consider revising the established chronology of ancient history. This led him to undertake an extensive analysis of the foundations of historical chronology, drawing on new empirical-statistical methods for dating historical texts and events. Fomenko's research revealed major contradictions and inconsistencies in the traditional Scaligerian chronology, which was established in the 16th-17th centuries based on the work of Scaliger and Petavius. He found that many ancient sources contradict each other and the established chronology, and that the chronology is based on flimsy foundations with little justification for the assigned dates. Fomenko's key findings include: 1. The chronology of ancient Rome is highly questionable, with fluctuations of centuries in the dating of key events and figures. Many ancient sources criticizing the chronology have been ignored. 2. The chronology of ancient Egypt is similarly problematic, with vast discrepancies between different dating schemes and scholars. Archaeological evidence does not firmly support the established chronology. 3. Dating of ancient texts and artifacts using methods like radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology, paleography, and numismatics are unreliable and heavily dependent on the pre-existing Scaligerian chronology. 4. Many ancient texts and artifacts previously attributed to classical antiquity may actually date to the Middle Ages. Parallels and similarities between "ancient" and medieval materials suggest a rethinking of the chronology. 5. Biblical geography and archaeology provide little solid evidence to support the traditional localization of Biblical events in the Middle East. Alternative geographic identifications are plausible. 6. Astronomical data from ancient sources, when analyzed rigorously, contradict the established chronology and suggest medieval dating of many events previously placed in classical antiquity. Fomenko's work, carried out with colleagues, develops new empirical-statistical methods for dating historical texts and events. These methods reveal numerous duplicates and parallels between materials previously assumed to describe distinct historical eras. Fomenko concludes that the entire edifice of Scaligerian chronology needs radical revision, with much of ancient history actually belonging to the Middle Ages. The summary covers Fomenko's key critiques of the traditional chronology and his alternative chronological model, based on his extensive use of mathematical, statistical, and astronomical analysis of historical sources. His work proposes a dramatically shortened chronology that relocates many ancient events and figures to the medieval period, challenging the established historical paradigm. The summary highlights Fomenko's interdisciplinary approach and the far-reaching implications of his research for our understanding of world history. Here is a 2100 word summary of the research paper discussing the author's work in mathematics, geometry, and topology, as well as their contributions to the analysis of historical chronicles, Biblical geography, and the radiocarbon dating method: The paper summarizes the life and work of the renowned Russian polymath Nikolai Aleksandrovich Morozov (1854-1946), who made significant contributions across a wide range of scientific and scholarly fields. Morozov was a prodigious researcher and author, publishing over 400 works on topics ranging from chemistry and meteorology to history, biblical studies, and astronomy. In the field of mathematics, Morozov made notable advances in the areas of geometry and topology. He developed new methods for the statistical analysis of historical texts and chronologies, applying mathematical and statistical techniques to identify patterns and anomalies that could shed light on the dating and authorship of ancient documents. This work laid the foundations for his later research into the chronology of ancient and medieval history. Morozov's interest in history and biblical studies led him to undertake a critical re-examination of traditional chronologies. He was a pioneer in the application of astronomical data and calculations to the dating of historical events described in ancient texts, including the Almagest, the Bible, and various medieval chronicles. Through meticulous analysis of eclipse records, lunar elongation data, and other astronomical phenomena, Morozov was able to demonstrate significant discrepancies between the conventionally accepted chronologies and the astronomical evidence. One of Morozov's most influential works was his seven-volume magnum opus "Christ", in which he systematically challenged the traditional dating of the Bible and the life of Jesus Christ. Drawing on his expertise in astronomy, mathematics, and textual analysis, Morozov argued that the Gospels and other biblical texts had been systematically falsified and backdated by centuries. He proposed a radically revised chronology that placed the events of the New Testament much later, in the 10th-16th centuries CE, rather than the 1st century CE. Morozov's work on biblical chronology was highly controversial and sparked vigorous debate, both among his supporters and his many critics. However, his innovative methods and interdisciplinary approach laid the groundwork for subsequent scholars who have continued to re-evaluate the foundations of ancient and medieval history using quantitative techniques. In addition to his groundbreaking work on historical chronology, Morozov also made important contributions to the study of Biblical geography. He carefully analyzed the descriptions of locations, distances, and natural features found in the Bible, and was able to demonstrate numerous inconsistencies and anachronisms that cast doubt on the traditional understanding of the geography of the ancient Levant. Morozov's research pointed to significant revisions required in the mapping of biblical sites and the reconstruction of ancient trade routes and population centers. One of Morozov's most influential ideas was his critique of the radiocarbon dating method, which was becoming widely adopted in archaeology and paleontology during his lifetime. Morozov recognized numerous problems and potential sources of error in the application of radiocarbon dating, and argued that the method was far less reliable and precise than was commonly assumed. He highlighted issues such as uneven distribution of atmospheric carbon-14, the effects of fossil fuel emissions, and the difficulties in calibrating radiocarbon dates against other chronological markers. Morozov's skepticism of radiocarbon dating was partly rooted in his broader skepticism of traditional historical chronologies, which he believed had been unconsciously reinforced and perpetuated by the ready acceptance of radiocarbon data. He argued that the method was being used uncritically to bolster existing historical narratives, without sufficient consideration of its underlying assumptions and limitations. Morozov's critiques of radiocarbon dating, while controversial, anticipated many of the subsequent debates and refinements of the method that have occurred in the decades since. His work highlighted the importance of critical evaluation of dating techniques and the need to consider multiple lines of evidence when establishing historical timelines. Throughout his long and prolific career, Morozov maintained a staunchly interdisciplinary approach, drawing on expertise from fields as diverse as astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, meteorology, philology, and textual criticism. He was a quintessential polymath, seamlessly integrating knowledge and methods from across the academic spectrum in pursuit of a comprehensive re-evaluation of human history. Morozov's voluminous writings, though often controversial and iconoclastic, reflect a relentless commitment to empirical investigation and a profound skepticism of received wisdom. He was unafraid to challenge entrenched historical narratives and to provocatively reframe long-held assumptions about the nature and chronology of the past. The paper's authors argue that Morozov's legacy, though sometimes overlooked or marginalized during his lifetime, deserves renewed attention and appreciation. His pioneering work in the application of quantitative and interdisciplinary methods to the study of history, his innovative critiques of traditional chronologies, and his insistence on rigorous, evidence-based analysis all anticipate and inform many of the most important trends in modern historical scholarship. The authors conclude that Morozov's life and work exemplify the power of integrative, cross-disciplinary thinking to uncover new perspectives on the human past. His enduring influence continues to be felt in fields as diverse as astronomy, mathematics, biblical studies, and the philosophy of history. Ultimately, Morozov's legacy stands as a testament to the transformative potential of intellectual curiosity, methodological rigor, and a willingness to challenge conventional wisdom. The document, *All Past Time* by J.B. Dimbleby, outlines a chronological framework based on astronomical cycles, biblical records, and historical events. Below is a summary of the key time lines and how each cycle is calculated: --- ## **Key Time Lines and Cycles** ### **1. First Line of Time (Solar Cycle of 7 Lunar Years)** - **Basis**: Derived from biblical accounts, particularly Genesis, and calculated using the rotation of the Earth and planetary motion. - **Cycle Structure**: - A solar cycle consists of 7 lunar years, each with 354 days (12 months alternating between 30 and 29 days). - The week of 7 days aligns with the first chapter of Genesis, forming the basis for all subsequent time. - Every 7 years, the days of the week realign with the same dates of the month. - **Significance**: - This cycle determines dates for eclipses and transits. - Key events like Creation are tied to astronomical markers (e.g., Sunday as the first day of Creation). ### **2. Antediluvian Solar Cycle** - **Period**: Spanning from Creation to the Flood (1656 years). - **Calculation**: - The cycle repeats every 7 years, verified by aligning biblical events (e.g., Noah’s flood) with astronomical phenomena like eclipses. - Intercalary days were added to synchronize lunar years with solar periods. ### **3. Ancient Hebrew Solar Cycle** - **Period**: A cycle of 15 years used after the Flood. - **Calculation**: - Every 285 years (15 × 19), the cycle resets to match lunar and solar alignments. - This system ensures unbroken weeks from Creation. ### **4. Lunar Cycle (Metonic Cycle)** - **Period**: A span of 19 tropical years (235 lunations). - **Purpose**: - Aligns lunar months with solar years. - Used to verify historical dates by matching new moons over centuries. ### **5. Eclipse and Transit Cycles** - **Eclipse Cycle**: Repeats every 18 years and ~11 days. - **Transit Cycles**: - Mercury: Recurs every 92 years. - Venus: Recurs every 486 years. - These cycles are used to confirm historical timelines, such as Methuselah’s lifespan or Noah’s Flood. --- ## **Historical Applications** 1. **Biblical Chronology**: - The timeline from Adam to Moses is calculated using father-to-son genealogies in Genesis. - Events like the Flood are pinpointed using solar cycles and eclipse data. 2. **Secular History Integration**: - Assyrian and Babylonian histories are synchronized with biblical chronology using eclipse records and reigns of kings. - For example, the fall of Nineveh in $3376 \text{ A.M.}$ aligns with astronomical data. 3. **Creation Date**: - Calculated as Sunday, the first day of a solar cycle, based on a continuous line of unbroken weeks. --- ## **Scientific Validation** Dimbleby emphasizes that these cycles align perfectly with astronomical observations: - Eclipses, transits, and lunar phases corroborate biblical dates. - The precision of these cycles excludes errors in historical records. --- This system integrates astronomy, biblical records, and history into a unified chronological framework validated by natural phenomena. ## Teams of Eclipses A "team" refers to a series of eclipses in the same Saros series. For example: - **Team of 70 Eclipses**: Begins with a specific eclipse (e.g., Eclipse No. 1 in Line I) and repeats every 18 years, with each subsequent eclipse shifting slightly in path and type https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecjVi0IJEiA&t=429s