### Diagnosis Inflammation of the mouth. A variety of causes: alcohol, chemotherapy, dehydration, hematologic malignancies, infections, loose-fitting dentures, medications, poor dental hygiene, radiation, smoking, and trauma, ### Epidemiologic Risks Chemotherapy commonly causes [[Stomatitis]] that can be a portal of entry for infections. In children, there is a Periodic [[Fever]], Aphthous [[Stomatitis]], [[Pharyngitis]], and Cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) Syndrome. [^1] ### Microbiology Viral most common: [[Herpes]] simplex virus ([[Herpes]] gingivo[[Stomatitis]]), Coxsackie virus (herpangina, hand-foot-mouth-disease), [[Chickenpox]] and [[Epstein-Barr Virus]]. Vesicular [[Stomatitis]] Virus, whose name sums up its disease. Too bad more organisms are not named that way. Necrotizing ulcerative [[Gingivitis]]/periodontitis aka Vincents aka trench mouth: mostly anaerobic bacteria and *[[Fusobacterium]]*. *[[Candida]]* with dentures. ### Empiric Therapy It depends on the cause. Usually symptomatic. ### Rationalizations [^1]: Theodoropoulou K, Vanoni F, Hofer M. Periodic [[Fever]], Aphthous [[Stomatitis]], [[Pharyngitis]], and Cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) Syndrome: a Review of the Pathogenesis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2016 Apr;18(4):18. doi: 10.1007/s11926-016-0567-y. PMID: 26984802.