In Behavior-Driven Development (BDD), and specifically in the Gherkin language used by BDD tools like Cucumber, the words "As," "to," and "into" are not reserved words. Gherkin has a small set of reserved keywords that structure the scenarios and features, such as: - **Feature** - **Scenario** - **Scenario Outline** - **Background** - **Given** - **When** - **Then** - **And** - **But** - **Examples** ### Common Usage of "As," "to," and "into" These words are often used in the natural language description of features and scenarios to make the statements more readable and understandable, but they are not part of the Gherkin syntax itself. Here's how they might appear in typical Gherkin feature files: #### Example Feature Description ```Gherkin Feature: User login As a registered user, I want to log into the application, So that I can access my personal dashboard. ``` - **"As"**: Used to specify the role or persona for whom the feature is being described. It is part of the user story format. - **"to"**: Commonly used in the natural language description of the actions a user wants to perform. - **"into"**: Often used when describing actions that involve entering information into a field or transitioning into a different state or location. #### Example Scenario gherkin Copy code ```Gherkin Scenario: Successful login with valid credentials Given the user has navigated to the login page When the user enters "user1" and "password123" And the user clicks the login button Then the user should be redirected to the dashboard ``` - **"to"**: Used here in the step definition to describe the navigation action. - **"into"**: Would be used in a similar manner to describe actions like entering text into a form field, though it's not used in this particular example. ### Key Points - **Not Reserved**: "As," "to," and "into" are not reserved keywords in Gherkin. - **Natural Language**: They are part of the natural language used to write clear and understandable scenarios and feature descriptions. - **Gherkin Keywords**: The actual reserved keywords in Gherkin are those that define the structure and flow of the scenarios, such as Feature, Scenario, Given, When, Then, And, But, etc. These words help in making the Gherkin syntax more expressive and closer to natural language, which is a core goal of BDD: to enable clear communication and shared understanding among all stakeholders. # References ```dataview Table title as Title, authors as Authors where contains(subject, "Gherkin") or contains(subject, "reserved words") sort title, authors, modified, desc ```