# Immanuel Kant ## Note On the metaphysical level, in the long debate between (Jump:: [[Rationalism]]) (*truth is "built" in*) and (Jump:: [[Empiricism]]) (*truth is "out there"*), there is a middle ground. We as humans have innate senses of abstract ideas such as causality (since according to Hume, this is not evident in real world phenomenon, so where do we get the tendency to look for it?), And concepts such as space and time. These our built it glasses on the world. On morality. People can't be the single authors of their own moral views, it will lead to (Jump:: [[Subjective Reality]]), and also to a double moral standards between the self and the environment. However, we can't also have an exterior moral code such as religion or king, since they are not treating you as a rightful moral agent, but rather a cog in the machine. Therefore **the answer is universal moral code derived by reason**. Our moral obligations. This is the basis for (Jump:: [[Deontology]]), meaning that the nature of the act counts, vs (Jump:: [[Utilitarianism]]), which is the moral worth of an action is based on the results. The first can fall to absolutism, like not lying to save your family, and the latter can recommend unintuitive ideas such as the organ harvest. Also the result is not always known. The **moral rules should be a-priory**. A moral code should be derived from: 1. reason (not senses) 2. autonomy (acting freely) 3. treating people as end and not as means 4. categorical imperative. ## Overview Topics:: [[Metaphysics (MOC)]] [[Ethics (MOC)]] URL:: [Wiki](https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant/)