# Cognitive Load Theory - References
Cognitive load theory (CLT) explains why people do worse work when you overload working memory.
In Owlery terms: too much simultaneous WIP, unclear priorities, and constant interrupts turn capability into noise.
This reference note supports:
- [[Cognitive Load]]
- [[Working Memory Limits - Deep Dive]]
- [[Work Readiness Check (DoR + Full Kit) (10 min)]]
- [[WIP and Focus Check (10 min)]]
## Keystone references
- Sweller (1988) “Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning.”
DOI page: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
PDF (publisher): https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
- Sweller, van Merriënboer & Paas (1998) “Cognitive architecture and instructional design.” (landmark synthesis)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022193728205
- Sweller, van Merriënboer & Paas (2019) “Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design: 20 Years Later.” (open access)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09465-5
## Practical summaries / entry points
- Maastricht University / EUR catalogue entry for the 2019 open access paper:
https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/cognitive-architecture-and-instructional-design-20-years-later
## Notes
If you want a workplace translation, CLT usually shows up as:
- incomplete readiness (missing inputs, decisions, access) that creates churn
- context switching that adds "reconstruction cost"
- parallel work that multiplies coordination overhead
- meetings that inject new work mid-thread
A useful move is not “work harder”, it’s “reduce load”:
- shrink the slice
- make the next step explicit
- externalise memory (artefacts, decisions, contracts)