# Index [Beam parameter product](Beam%20parameter%20product.md) [[Beam radius]] [[Bragg reflection]] [[Cavity stability]] [[Circular polarization]] [Coherent light](Coherent%20light.md) [[Complex beam parameter]] [[Confocal parameter]] [[diffraction]] [[Diffraction integral]] [[Diffraction limit]] [Electromagnetic wave equations](Electromagnetic%20wave%20equations.md) [Eikonal equation](Eikonal%20equation.md) [[Elliptical polarization]] [[Far-field propagation]] [[Focal plane]] [Fraunhofer diffaction](Fraunhofer%20diffaction) [[Free space light propagation]] [[Fresnel approximation]] [[Fresnel coefficients]] [Gaussian beam](Gaussian%20beam.md) [[Gaussian beam radius]] [[Gouy phase]] [[Helicity (optics)]] [[Helmholtz equation (optics)]] [[Huygens-Fresnel Principle]] [[Index of refraction]] [[Laser beam quality]] [[Light-field]] [[Linear polarization]] [[Mie scattering]] [[Modeling mirrors as lenses]] [[Near-field propagation]] [numerical aperture](numerical%20aperture) [[Optical Interface]] [[Optical intensity]] [[Optical mode]] [[Paraxial approximation]] [[Paraxial Wave Equation]] [[Phase shift factor]] [[Optical Polarization]] [[Principal plane]] [[Rayleigh range]] [[Rayleigh scattering]] [[Ray transfer matrix]] [Reduced radius of curvature](Reduced%20radius%20of%20curvature.md) [[Sagnac effect]] [[Spherical mirror]] [[Spherical wave]] [[Stability parameters of optical cavities]] [[TEM mode]] [Wavefront](Wavefront.md) # Sub-Indices [[Experimental tools in optics (index)]] --- # Basic concepts Although much of geometric optics can be derived independently from our knowledge of what light even is, we today primarily understand optics as being emergent from the wave-like nature of [[photon]]s modeled by [Maxwell's equations](Maxwell's%20equations.md), and indeed the principles in optics can be used to understand the propagation of any wave-like particle. However, here our motivation is strictly in understanding the emergent classical description of [ensemble](Ensembles%20of%20quantum%20systems.md)s of photons propagating through space. And thus, we categorize this block of topics as being a subset of [electromagnetism](Electromagnetism%20(index).md). Below are some prerequisite concepts that are widely familiar, but are expanded on significantly in this section of my notes. ## Ray optics ### Optical elements Optics primarily the study of light as it passes through environments such as glass plates, lenses, and how its direction and properties are influenced by these environments. As with every area of physics, we conceptualize phenomena in optics in terms of idealized systems that correspond most closely to systems we build in labs. ### Incident planes #### Snell's law ### Focal length #### Lens law ## Wave optics ### Optical power #### Optical intensity The definition of _intensity_ ^8bb215 %%Here what can be done is the correspondence with measurable quantities from electromagnetism is established%% # Quantum optics --- # Bibliography Borenstein, M., Lamb, W.E. _Classical Laser_ Phys. Rev. A 5, 1298  Born M., Wolf E., Bhatia A. B., Clemmow P. C., Gabor D., Stokes A. R., Taylor A. M., Wayman P. A., Wilcock W. L., _Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic theory of propagation interference and diffraction of light_  Grella R., J. Optics (Paris), 1982, vol 13, no. 6, pp. 367-374  Huygens C. ,translation by S. P. Thompson, _Treatise on Light_ (1690)  Kolgenik H., Li T., Applied Optics Vol. 5, Issue 10, pp. 1550-1567 (1966)  Novotny L., Hecht B. _Principles of Nano-Optics_ %20-%20libgen.lc.pdf) Peatross J., Ware M. _Physics of Light and Optics_ .pdf) [Pedrotti F., Pedrotti L., _Introduction to Optics_, Prentice-Hall International, 2nd Edition, 1993.](Pedrotti%20F.,%20Pedrotti%20L.,%20Introduction%20to%20Optics,%20Prentice-Hall%20International,%202nd%20Edition,%201993..md) Siegman, A. _Lasers_ %20(1986,%20University%20Science%20Books)%20-%20libgen.lc.pdf) #Electromagnetism/Optics #Electromagnetism/Optics/waveOptics #Electromagnetism/Optics/waveOptics/NanoOptics #Electromagnetism/Optics/waveOptics/Polarization #Electromagnetism/Optics/waveOptics/GaussianBeamOptics #QuantumMechanics/quantumOptics #PhysicalExamples/PhysicalExamplesInOptics #index #Bibliography