| Command | Flag | Description | Example | | ------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | | `chown` | none | Change file owner | `chown alice file.txt` | | | `:` | Change owner and group | `chown alice:users file.txt` | | | `-R` | Apply ownership change recursively to directories | `chown -R alice:users /home/alice` | | | `--from` | Change owner only if current owner matches | `chown --from=olduser alice file` | - For non-privileged acces, as in [[NFS - Network File System|NFS]] we can use `nobody:nogroup` `nobody:nobody` | Command | Syntax | Description | Example | | ------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | | `chmod` | `u+x` | Add execute to **user (owner)** | `chmod u+x script.sh` | | | `g-w` | Remove write from **group** | `chmod g-w file.txt` | | | `o=r` | Set read-only for **others** | `chmod o=r file.txt` | | | `a+x` | Add execute for **all (user, group, other)** | `chmod a+x runme.sh` | | | `644` | User: rw-, Group: r--, Others: r-- | `chmod 644 file.txt` | - User - Group - Others |Digit|Binary|Meaning| |---|---|---| |7|111|read + write + execute| |6|110|read + write| |5|101|read + execute| |4|100|read only| |0|000|no permissions|