# Capacitance
**The ability of an electrical conductor or a set of conductors to store charge and thus oppose a change in voltage across it. **
> [!infobox] Capacitance
>
> | | |
> |:------------------------------- | ---:|
> | ***Symbol*** | $C$ |
> | ***SI unit*** | farad, $\text{F}$ |
> | ***SI base units*** | $A^{2}\;s^{4}\;kg^{-1}\;m^{-2}$ |
There are two forms of capacitance, *self* and *mutual capacitance*. In general, "capacitance" refers to mutual capacitance.
Capacitance is dependent on the *geometry* of the conductors, specifically the distance between them and the surface areas opposing each other, and the *permittivity* of any material between the conductors.
## Self capacitance
*Self capacitance* is the amount of electric charge required to raise the electric potential of an isolated conductor by one unit.
$C=\frac{q}{V}$
Any object that is capable of being electrically charged has *self capacitance*. In self capacitance, the potential difference is measured *relative* to a reference, typically ground.
## Mutual capacitance
*Mutual capacitance* is the ratio of the magnitude of electric charge held on either conductor to the potential difference between the conductors in a system of mutual capacitance.
A example of a system of mutual capacitance is found in parallel-plate [[Capacitor|capacitors]].
If the charges held on the plates are $+q$ and $-q$ and the voltage between them is $V$, the capacitance is also given by
$C=\frac{q}{V}$