# Hypophosphatemia
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**Hypophosphatemia** is a condition where there is not enough [[phosphate]] in the blood. It is not that common, relatively speaking.
## Causes
The most common cause of hypophosphatemia are [[malnutrition]] and [[alcohol use disorder]], but can also be caused by:
- [[burns]]
- severe [[diarrhea]]
- [[diuretics]]
- TPN
- especially long-term, it's difficult to deliver phosphate this way
- [[hyperparathyroidism]]
- which causes [[hypocalcemia]], which has an inverse relationship wiht phosphate
## Signs & Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of hypophosphatemia typically do not show up unless it is pretty severe. When they do show up, they are similar to those in [[hypercalcemia#Signs & Symptoms]].
## Treatment
Treatment for hypophosphatemia consists of replacing the phosphorus.
- Oral intake
- diary
- careful with this one, it's also high in calcium
- nuts
- seeds
- grains
- meat
- chocolate and cola
- IV
- low calcium diet
## Nursing Considerations
If there is ever an infusion for IV, phosphate is a *vesicant*
if we do infuse IV it is a vesicant so watch for infiltration/sloughing/necrosis at IV site.
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