# Concussion --- A **concussion** is a type of diffuse [[traumatic brain injury]], that are relatively common but can be quite dangerous. ## Risk Factors/Cause Young boys are at the highest risk, but mostly because they tend to take risky behavior. ## Signs & Symptoms The signs and symptoms of a concussion can be subtle and may not show up immediately. Symptoms can last for days, weeks or even longer, depending on the severity or grade of the injury. - grade 1 usually subsides in a few days - headache - difficulty focusing - memory loss - dizziness - nausea - grade 2 requires many days of rest - grade 1 symptoms plus - brief loss of consciousness (1-5 minutes) - ringing in ears - irritability - grade 3 lasts weeks before symptoms subside, and puts someone at risk of permanent brain damage - loss of consciousness lasts for longer than 5 minutes ## Complications/Comorbidities Multiple concussions, even mild ones, can lead to [[chronic traumatic encephalopathy]], a very serious and debilitating condition. ## Treatment Treatment for concussion consists of lowering physical and cognitive exertion until symptoms go away. ___