[[Characters]]
#Characters \ #Society-and-Culture \ #Names-and-Surnames
# 京 jīng
capital of a country; abbreviation of Beijing
## Components
[[亠 (tóu)]]
[[口 (kǒu)]]
[[小 (xiǎo)]]
## Meaning
Today, the character 京 (jīng) primarily refers to the capital city. It is commonly used to denote the capital of China, Beijing.
## History
The character 京 (jīng) originated as a pictographic symbol representing a man-made mound with an observation tower on top, used for political observation.
In its evolution from Oracle Bone Script to Bronze Script and later to Small Seal Script, 京 (jīng) eventually became the current form. Described in the "Shuowen Jiezi," an ancient Chinese dictionary, as "人所为绝高丘也," meaning a man-made high mound.
Initially, 京 (jīng) referred to such mounds. Later, it came to signify a large city with tall towers and city walls.
In Oracle Bone Script, 京 (jīng) resembled a large city, with a tall pointed top representing a tower and high city walls at the bottom. Thus, the original meaning of 京 (jīng) is a high mound.
Given that ancient capitals were often built on elevated terrain, 京 (jīng) became synonymous with "capital." Additionally, it is used as an adjective meaning "big" or "grand." Nowadays, 京 (jīng) is commonly used to refer to the capital of China — Beijing.
## Evolution
### Oracular Script
![[京 jia.svg]]
### Bronze Script
![[京 bronce.svg]]
### Seal Script
![[京 seal.svg]]
### Clerical Script
?
### Regular Script
![[京 reg.svg]]