# Key Takeaways
- Night airport operations require a thorough understanding of lights and their meanings.
- Proper planning will help identify the airport while inbound, then use the runway and taxiways effectively.
> [!tip]
> The best images for these Jack could find are in the [[AOPA]] [runway safety slides](https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/runwaysafetyflashcard/index.php#/p/60), starting at roughly slide 60.
# Details
## Airport Lights
### Approach Lighting Systems ([[ALS]])
> [!quote] From [[AIM 2]]-1-1
> ALS provide the basic means to transition from instrument flight to visual flight for landing.
> [!tip] Examples can be found in the [[TPP]] and [[AIM 2]]
> See [TPP supplemental page 18](https://www.1800wxbrief.com/Website/aip/tpp/FRNTMATTER.pdf#page=18) in particular.
### Visual Glideslope Indicators ([[VGSI]])
- [[VASI]]
- [[PAPI]]
- Tri-color
### Runway Area
- [[REIL]]
- Runway edge lights, including threshold lights
- Runway Centerline, Touchdown Zone Lights, Taxiway Centerline Lead-Off/On, [[LAHSO]] lights
### Taxiway
- Taxiway Edge Lights
- Taxiway Centerline Lights
- Clearance Bar, Runway Guard, Stop Bar Lights
### Beacons
| Light Sequence | Meaning |
| ------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| <span style="background-color:whitesmoke;">White</span> / <span style="background-color:lightgreen;">Green</span> | Lighted land airport |
| <span style="background-color:whitesmoke;">White</span> / <span style="background-color:whitesmoke;">White</span> / <span style="background-color:lightgreen;">Green</span> | Lighted land (military) |
| <span style="background-color:whitesmoke;">White</span> / <span style="background-color:Yellow;">Yellow</span> | Lighted water airport |
| <span style="background-color:lightgreen;">Green</span> / <span style="background-color:Yellow;">Yellow</span> / <span style="background-color:whitesmoke;">White</span> | Lighted heliport |
### Obstacles
- Berms
- Wind farms
## Pilot-Controlled Lighting ([[PCL]])
- Pilot-controlled lighting and how to operate
- 15 minute duration
- Key mike intended number of times within 5 seconds
> [!tip]
> It is possible for a tower-controlled light system to be turned off, even with pilots inbound.
>
> If you can't find a towered airport at night, you may need to ask for the lights to be turned on.
## Which Lights Are Available
This is good to brief as part of [[All Available Information Concerning That Flight]].
Consider questions like:
- Which side of the runway is the VASI?
- Is the windsock lighted?
- Are there any obstacles on final to be careful of?
# Additional Resources
- [[AIM 2]]
- [[PHAK Ch14]]
- [[AC 70-7460-1]]
- [Runway Lights Explained | Colors, Spacing, Types](https://pilotinstitute.com/runway-lights-explained-colors-spacing-types/) from [[Pilot Institute]]
#concept