#### Related to [[Atomic structure]] and [[Atomic bonding]] --- ## Definition - An Ion is a positively or negatively charged atom - To calculate charge: **protons - electrons = charge** > ##### Positive charge = [[cation]] > ##### Negative charge = [[anion]] --- ## Ionization energy - An elements *ionization energy* describes how hard it is for that element to **lose an [[Electrons]], thus forming a cation.** - An elements *second ionization energy* describes how hard it is for an element to lose its second electron and this continues for third ionization energy and so on. - If an element only has one electron in its valence shell then the **first ionization energy will be *significantly lower* then that elements second ionization energy**. This is because the more electrons an element has in its valence shell the higher it's ionization energy. --- ## Common charges >[! Charges on the periodic table] >![[ion charges.png]] --- #subpage